Parse ISO-8601 timestamps into UTC

from datetime import datetime, timezone


def parse_utc(value: str) -> datetime:
    """Parse an ISO-8601 timestamp and normalise it to UTC."""
    text = value.strip()
    if text.endswith("Z"):  # fromisoformat accepts Z only on Python 3.11+
        text = text[:-1] + "+00:00"
    parsed = datetime.fromisoformat(text)
    if parsed.tzinfo is None:  # treat naive input as UTC
        return parsed.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
    return parsed.astimezone(timezone.utc)


def format_utc(value: str) -> str:
    """Render any accepted timestamp as a stable, sortable UTC string."""
    return parse_utc(value).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    samples = ["2024-05-01T12:30:00+02:00", "2024-05-01T10:30:00Z", "2024-05-01 10:30:00"]
    for sample in samples:
        print(sample, "->", format_utc(sample))